Testhyperlink123
GSD000031
term (main_entry) : Blood group A1 (Type 3)
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000031
glytoucan_accession : G44060QH
term_in_sentence : The structure is essentially a repetitive A epitope attached to type 2 chain and is hereby called type 3 chain A. [PMID:2579390]
publication : 2579390|19756298
definition : A branched amino heptasaccharide made up from two repeating (1→3)-linked N-acetyl-α-D-galactosaminyl-(1→3)-[α-L-fucosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-galactosyl units that are in turn joined to an N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine residue via a (1→4)-linkage.[CHEBI:85665]
term_xref : GTC:G44060QH|CHEBI:85665|CID:91825676|GlycoMotif:GGM.000040
synonyms : Blood group A1 (type 3)|Blood Group A1
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000032
term (main_entry) : Blood group A2 (A-associated H type 3)
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000032
glytoucan_accession : G62735WZ
term_in_sentence : The H NMR spectrum of the associated H antigen (type 3 chain H) was characterized by the unusual presence of three n-anomeric resonances ('CJ'.~ = 3-4 Hz) in addition to five resonances from @-anomeric protons ("J1:2 = 7-9 Hz).[PMID: 3944091] publication : 3944091|29000000|28658771
definition : A branched amino hexasaccharide in which an α-L-fucosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-α-D-galactosaminyl-(1→3)-β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine linear pentasaccharide carries at the galactose residue proximal to the reducing end a second α-L-fucosyl residue via a (1→2) linkage.[CHEBI:152543]
term_xref : CHEBI:152543|CID:91852328|GlycoMotif:GGM.000041|GTC:G62735WZ
synonyms : Blood Group A2|Fuca1-2Galb1-3GalNAca1-3(Fuca1-2)Galb1-4GlcNAcb|Fuc(a1-2)Gal(b1-3)GalNAc(a1-3)[Fuc(a1-2)]Gal(b1-4)b-GlcNAc|Fucalpha1-2Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha1-3(Fucalpha1-2)Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta|6-deoxy-alpha-L-galacto-hexopyranosyl-(1→2)-beta-D-galacto-hexopyranosyl-(1→3)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-galacto-hexopyranosyl-(1→3)-[6-deoxy-alpha-L-galacto-hexopyranosyl-(1→2)]-beta-D-galacto-hexopyranosyl-(1→4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-gluco-hexopyranose|6-deoxy-alpha-L-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-[6-deoxy-alpha-L-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)]-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000033
term (main_entry) : Blood group B (Type 1)
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000033
glytoucan_accession : G31734OS
term_in_sentence : The minimal binding epitope was identified as the blood group H type 1 determinant (Fucα2Galβ3GlcNAc), while an optimal binding epitope was created by addition of the terminal α3-linked galactose or N-acetylgalactosamine of the blood group B type 1 determinant (Galα3(Fucα2)Galβ3GlcNAc) and the blood group A type 1 determinant (GalNAcα3(Fucα2)-Galβ3GlcNAc). [PMID: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19208633 19208633 19208633]]
publication : [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18701592 18701592 18701592]|24749871|19387828|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19208633 19208633 19208633]|29562255
definition : α-D-Galp-(1→3)-[α-L-Fucp-(1→2)]-β-D-Galp-(1→3)-β-D-GlcpNAc with β configuration at the anomeric carbon of the GlcNAc residue at the reducing end.[CHEBI:63242]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000043|GTC:G31734OS|CID:56927779|CHEBI:63242
synonyms : blood group B type 1 tetrasaccharide
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000034
term (main_entry) : Blood group B (Type 2)
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000034
glytoucan_accession : G34881WK
term_in_sentence : The detection of a B type 2 determinant is the first chemical evidence for the presence of an autologous difucosyl blood group B type 2 antigen in human adenocarcinoma cells.[PMID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2432062 2432062 2432062]]
publication : [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2432062 2432062 2432062]|27196314|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18701592 18701592 18701592]
definition :
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000037|GTC:G34881WK|GlycoEpitope:EP0262
synonyms : blood group B type 2
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000035
term (main_entry) : Blood group B (Type 4)
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000035
glytoucan_accession : G25216QA
term_in_sentence : The blood group B type-4 heptaglycosylceramide is a minor blood group B structure in human B kidneys in contrast to the corresponding A type-4 compound in A kidneys.[PMID:1390942]
publication : 1390942|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1841684 1841684 1841684]
definition :
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000087|GTC:G25216QA
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000036
term (main_entry) : Blood group H (Type 1)
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000036
glytoucan_accession : G00294TN
term_in_sentence : Blood group H type 1 [Fuc alpha (1,2)Gal beta (1,3)GlcNAc beta-->] is known as the precursor structure of the blood group determinant, Lewis b [Fuc alpha (1,2)Gal beta (1,3)(Fuc alpha (1,4))GlcNAc beta-->].[PMID:7718581]
publication : 7718581|6309836|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19208633 19208633 19208633]|27431816|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2432062 2432062 2432062]|24219248|6352465|8499478|3348768|3718924
definition :
term_xref : GTC:G00294TN|GlycoMotif:GGM.000042|SugarBind_Ligand:153
synonyms : H type 1
function :
disease_associations : Gastroenteritis[SugarBind_Ligand:153]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000037
term (main_entry) : Blood group H (Type 2)
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000037
glytoucan_accession : G70519XK
term_in_sentence : We have examined the immunohistochemical distribution of H Type 1 and of H Type 2 substances of the ABO blood group system in human submandibular gland using either of the two anti-H monoclonal antibodies MAb 1E3 and MAb 3A5. MAb 3A5 was specific for H Type 2, and MAb 1E3 reacted with each of H Type 1-H Type 4 artificial antigens.[PMID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9405495 9405495 9405495]]
publication : [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9405495 9405495 9405495]|8082855|6177241|3944092|21406562|2410664|8731502|6203846|2238560|
definition :
term_xref : GTC:G70519XK|GlycoMotif:GGM.000036
synonyms : Blood group H (type 2)|H type 2|H type 2 chain|H type 2 antigen|type 2 chain H|blood group H type II
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000038
term (main_entry) : Blood group H (Type 2) - Lewis y
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000038
glytoucan_accession : G00052MO
term_in_sentence : The fucosylated histo-blood group antigens H type 2 (blood group O, CD173) and Lewis Y (CD174) are expressed on CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors but absent on mature lymphocytes.[PMID: 11479278]
publication : 11479278
definition : A branched amino tetrasaccharide consisting of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine at the reducing end having an α-L-fucosyl residue attached at the 3-position and an α-L-fucosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactosyl moiety attached at the 4-position. A cancer-associated tetrasaccharide antigen which constitutes the core structure recognised by therapeutic antibody BR96. Conformational restriction around the GlcNAc residue is a key feature of its structure.[CHEBI:59045]
term_xref : GTC:G00052MO|GlycoEpitope:EP0018|CID:45266908|CHEBI:59045|GlycoMotif:GGM.000045
synonyms : Lewis y|Blood group H (type 2) (Ley)|Lewis b (Leb)|Lewis a|Lewis b (Lewis b)|Blood group H (type 2) - Lewis y|H-Ley|H-Le^y|Lewis Y|H-Ley|H-Le^y|Lewis Y
function : The expression of the fucosylated histo-blood group antigen CD174 in CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells and down-regulation of FUT1 in mature lymphocytes may be important factors influencing the homing process of hematopoietic stem cells to the bone marrow.[GlycoEpitope:EP0018]
disease_associations : AIDS/acquired immune deficiency syndrome[GlycoEpitope:EP0018]|cholangiocarcinoma[GlycoEpitope:EP0018]|hepatocellular carcinoma[GlycoEpitope:EP0018]|Inappropriate tissue distribution of Ley blood-group antigens was observed in CCs(cholangiocarcinomas) and, much less frequently, in HCCs(hepatocellular carcinomas).[GlycoEpitope:EP0018]|Ley determinant is highly expressed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected T cell lines and in CD3+ peripheral mature T cells of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with AIDS-related complex (ARC).[GlycoEpitope:EP0018]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 14
GSD000039
term (main_entry) : Blood group H (Type 4)
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000039
glytoucan_accession : G98465JN
term_in_sentence : In addition, the blood group H type 4 chain structure was present together with Le(a) and Le(b) compounds.[PMID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1841684 1841684 1841684]]
publication : 11261842|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1841684 1841684 1841684]|11101633|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9405495 9405495 9405495]
definition : An amino hexasaccharide consisting of α-L-fucose, β-D-galactose, N-acetyl-α-D-galactosamine, α-D-galactose, β-D-galactose and β-D-glucose residues joined in sequence with (1→2)-, (1→3)-, (1→3)-, (1→4)- and (1→4)-linkages, respectively.[CHEBI:65245]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000086|GTC:G98465JN|CID:10260428|SugarBind_Ligand:61|CHEBI:65245
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations : Pyelonephritis[SugarBind_Ligand:61]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000040
term (main_entry) : C2-O-sLex
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000040
glytoucan_accession : G97345NY
term_in_sentence : PSGL-1 lacks 6-sulfo-sLex but contains sulfated tyrosine residues (Tyr-SO3)at positions 46, 48, and 51 and sLex in a core 2-based O-glycan (C2-O-sLex) on Thr at position 57.[PMID:12736247]
publication : 12736247|19267921|21283832|15596301|17072011
definition : A seven-membered branched galactosamine oligosaccharide that consists of a branched tetrasaccharide unit α-Neu5Ac-(2→3)-β-D-Gal-(1→4)-[α-L-Fuc-(1→3)]-β-D-GlcNAc, attached by a glycosidic linkage to position 6 of the GalNAc residue of the trisaccharide α-Neu5Ac-(2→3)-β-D-Gal-(1→3)-D-GalNAc.[CHEBI:65192]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000053|GTC:G97345NY|CID:91860725|KEGG:G10899|CHEBI:155160
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000041
term (main_entry) : Ceramide dihexosyl sulfate
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000041
glytoucan_accession : G04416BG
term_in_sentence : Although it has been reported that ceramide dihexosyl sulfate is present in human kidney, it is unlikely that it is present in equine kidney.[PMID:818074]
publication : 818074
definition : A sulfatide with two hexose moieties (glucose and galactose) has been isolated from human kidney (Martensson E, Acta Chem Scand 1963, 17, 1174). Equimolar amounts of ceramide, glucose, galactose, and sulfate are found in the molecule. The sulfate group is esterified, as in sulfatides, with carbon 3 of the galactose moiety. The linkage between galactose and glucose is identical to lactose (b-1-4). Its fatty acid composition is similar to that of sulfatides. [http://cyberlipid.gerli.com/description/complex-lipids/glycolipids/glycosphingolipids/sulfosphingolipids/]
term_xref : GTC:G04416BG|GlycoMotif:GGM.000065
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000043
term (main_entry) : Chondroitin sulfate
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000043
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : The industrial production of chondroitin sulfate (CS) uses animal tissue sources as raw material derived from different terrestrial or marine species of animals.[PMID: 31013685]
publication : 31013685|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27526113 27526113 27526113]|27194526|26980567|28847361|24413804|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29891297 29891297 29891297]|29600622|25129732|31317901|29181550|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31250530 31250530 31250530]|22265655|25756648|29402610|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17928217 17928217 17928217]|20236040|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28091940 28091940 28091940]|30824935|26572336|31207331|21110089|30599999|20399897|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27226567 27226567 27226567]|19388612|23186102|31494830|28982096|30241863|30295666|25366475|20521042|29456007|31304829|18661362|28576008|29494632|30016441|26906924|24861964|23774590|31887904|31339761|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12512856 12512856 12512856]|26957048|29625000
definition : Any of a class of 10—60 kDa glycosaminoglycan sulfates, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues.[CHEBI:37397]
term_xref : CHEBI:37397|CID:24766
synonyms : chondroitin polysulfate|chondroitin sulfate|chondroitin sulfates|chondroitin sulfuric acid|chondroitin sulphate|Chondroitinsulfate
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000044
term (main_entry) : cisGM1
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000044
glytoucan_accession : G03277YI
term_in_sentence : Macrophage ganglioside patterns dramatically increase in complexity when murine peritoneal macrophages are stimulated in vivo with the appearance of the sialidase-sensitive monosialoganglioside GM1b (cisGM1) as a major component.[PMID: 9455923]
publication : 9455923
definition : A member of the class of neuraminic acids that is neuraminic acid attached in sequence to β-D-galactopyranosyl, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-galactopyranosyl, β-D-galactopyranosyl, and β-D-gucoopyranose units by (2→3), (1→3), (1→4), and (1→4) glycosidic linkages, respectively. It corresponds to the carbohydrate portion of ganglioside GM1b.[CHEBI:145580]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000100|GTC:G03277YI|CID:91850212|CHEBI:145580|GlycoEpitope:EP0048|SugarBind_Ligand:92|KEGG:G00125
synonyms : GM1b
function :
disease_associations : Influenza[SugarBind_Ligand:92]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 23
GSD000045
term (main_entry) : Complex-type N-glycans
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000045
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : In this study, 32 new complex-type glycans are characterized containing the Le(x), Le(Y), and sialyl-Le(x) determinants, the bloodgroup A and H antigens, as well as the ALe(Y) determinant.[PMID:10988252]
publication : 29902282|29212795|29343819|27705835|26745022|18399796|16825488|21964725|15864431|22890903|12417032|28039392|19426135|30253927|16794314|19806620|22975979|25931033|15201278|19129634|19129628|24032650|22530754|31021709|30973186|28091941|23115339|20829342|27304954|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29090617 29090617 29090617]|21802690|29725121|30471292|16581187|26098720|31080188|1930135|31888963|30844485|24014058|11129583
definition : Type of N-linked glycan in which at least two antenna are present on the trimannosyl core, each initiated by GlcNAc additions catalyzed by position-specific N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases (GlcNAcTs). Each antenna can be exteneded or capped with HexNAc, deoxyHex, Hex, or sialic acid residues.
term_xref :
synonyms :
function : Involved in protein stability.[PMID:12417032]
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 17
GSD000046
term (main_entry) : Core 2
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000046
glytoucan_accession : G00033MO
term_in_sentence : To investigate the biological roles of core 2 O-glycans, we produced and characterized mice deficient in one or more of the three known glycosyltransferases that generate core 2 O-glycans (C2GnT1, C2GnT2, and C2GnT3).[PMID: 19349303]
publication : 19349303|30315106|23640779|26677400
definition : The trisaccharide β-D-Gal-(1→3)-[β-D-GlcNAc-(1→6)]-D-GalNAc with α configuration at the anomeric centre of the N-acetylglucosamine residue at the reducing end.[CHEBI:62158]
term_xref : GTC:G00033MO|CID:52921656|CHEBI:62158
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000047
term (main_entry) : Core 3
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000047
glytoucan_accession : G00035MO
term_in_sentence : Mechanically, we revealed that mucin-type core 3 O-glycan was synthesized at the membrane-tethered MUC1 N terminus because of core 3 synthase expression in colon cancer cells.[PMID: 28745318]
publication : 28745318|27259834|27143302|
definition : An amino disaccharide comprising an N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine residue linked (1→3) to an N-acetyl-β-D-galactosamine residue at the reducing end.[CHEBI:71344]
term_xref : GTC:G00035MO|CID:25061208|CHEBI:71344
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 9
GSD000048
term (main_entry) : Core 4
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000048
glytoucan_accession : G00037MO
term_in_sentence : The results confirm the predicted existence of a beta1,6GlcNAc-transferase that functions in both core 2 and core 4 O-glycan branch formation.[PMID: 9988682]
publication : 9988682|10747980|
definition : A branched amino trisaccharide comprising an N -acetyl-α-D-galactosamine residue at the reducing end, to which are (1→3)- and (1→6)-linked two N -acetyl-α-D-glucosamine residues.[CHEBI:71341]
term_xref : GTC:G00037MO| CID:25229562|CHEBI:71341
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 8
GSD000049
term (main_entry) : Core-fucosylated
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000049
glytoucan_accession : G78059CC
term_in_sentence : The approach was validated for selective capture and analysis of core fucosylated N-glycans present in complex glycan mixtures derived from mammalian serum IgG.[PMID:27678371]
publication : 27678371|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26514868 26514868 26514868]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15538974 15538974 15538974]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24914453 24914453 24914453]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17049014 17049014 17049014]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32078267 32078267 32078267]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31268672 31268672 31268672]|28674882|29956878|27798819|32044029|30962950|31548313|30907281|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29090617 29090617 29090617]|29571940|28800497|27629418|29733746|31623829|28768188|26897254|31451706|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26514868 26514868 26514868]|29427759|28982386|26587313|30940702|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15538974 15538974 15538974]|31249452|27282921|31229844|30445455|31325506|24732908|29209018|26965517|28609658|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24914453 24914453 24914453]|25573275|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17049014 17049014 17049014]|19218400|27012207|27139574|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32078267 32078267 32078267]|25861849|32561391|21374780|31669139|25732060|29408166|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31268672 31268672 31268672]|30472795|30614075|19003000|25664929
definition : Modification of the N-glycan core structure with fucose moiety attached at the innermost GlcNAc by FUT8 enzyme. Core Fuc is found on paucimannose, hybrid and complex type N-glycans. [https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acr.2014.11.006].
term_xref : GTC:G78059CC|CID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/70679232 70679232 70679232] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/70679232 70679232 70679232]]|CHEBI:70967|CHEBI:156499
synonyms : Core Fuc|6-linked Fuc|Fuca6 to chitobiose core|a6-linked Fuc|a1-6 Fuc|Fuca6 to chitobiose core|Fuc a1-6 to chitobiose core|Fuca6 to internal GlcNAc|Fuc a1-6 to internal GlcNAc
function : Required for signaling through TCR [PMID: 29434598]|VGF, PDGFr, and EGFr and TGFbeta receptor dysregulation in Fut8 KO mice [PMID:17132494]|IgG-Fcg receptor interactions destabilized by core Fuc [PMID:29062024]
disease_associations : Emphysema|systemic lupus erythematosuslung cancer|autoimmunity|tumor metastasis
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 8
GSD000050
term (main_entry) : Core-fucosylated biantennary
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000050
glytoucan_accession : G78059CC
term_in_sentence : The IFN-alpha14c N-glycans were shown to exhibit core-fucosylated biantennary glycans , with about 10% carrying an additional alpha1,3-linked fucose unit at the antennae.[PMID:9654101]
publication : 9654101|15819890|28263871|26763099|22256781|23681398|25855029|10529240|26544759|8206921|33149259|8547276
definition : A biantennary glycan with two GlcNAc branches linked to the core and fucosylation on the core GlcNAc.
term_xref : GTC:G78059CC|CID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/70679232 70679232 70679232] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/70679232 70679232 70679232]]|CHEBI:70967|CHEBI:156499
synonyms : core-fucosylated diantennary
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 8
GSD000051
term (main_entry) : Core-fucosylated biantennary complex-type
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000051
glytoucan_accession : G78059CC
term_in_sentence : The oligosaccharide structure at Asn(32 ) is a mixture of the monosialo and asialo forms of a core fucosylated biantennary complex-type oligosaccharide.[PMID:10731668]
publication : 10731668
definition : A biantennary complex glycan with two GlcNAc branches linked to the core and fucosylation on the core GlcNAc.
term_xref : GTC:G78059CC|CID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/70679232 70679232 70679232] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/70679232 70679232 70679232]]|CHEBI:70967|CHEBI:156499
synonyms : core fucosylated diantennary complex-type
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000052
term (main_entry) : Cyclic sialyl 6-sulfo Lewis x
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000052
glytoucan_accession : G11148DZ
term_in_sentence : Stimulation of the sialyl 6-sulfo Lewis X-positive colon cancer cell line with a calcium ionophore ionomycin markedly reduced sialyl 6-sulfo Lewis X and induced cyclic sialyl 6-sulfo Lewis X expression.[PMID:10728707]
publication : 10728707|31222115|9990070|23088960
definition :
term_xref : GlycoEpitope:EP0017|CID:91858084|CHEBI:147484
synonyms :
function : The accumulated intracellular cyclic sialyl 6-sulfo Lex determinant may function as a dormant pool of selectin ligands.[GlycoEpitope:EP0017]
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000053
term (main_entry) : Cytolipin R
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000053
glytoucan_accession : G57710SU
term_in_sentence : The reaction can be inhibited completely by pure cytolipin R showing that (a) immune hemolysis can be mediated through lipid determinants in the membrane, and (b) that cytolipin R determinants are present in the intact erythrocyte membrane and exposed on the surface.[PMID:4110375]
publication : 893368|4375678|51702|186204|4110375|5068000|24174198|6072378|389925|7054174
definition : A ceramide tetrahexoside isolated from rat lymphosarcoma. The structure of cytolipin R to be N-acetylgalactosaminyl(beta1-->3)galactosyl(alpha1-->3) galactosyl(beta1-->4)glucosyl ceramide.[PMID:5068000]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000083|GTC:G57710SU|CID:91855936|KEGG:G00392|CHEBI:152175|SugarBind_Ligand:17
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations : Actinomycosis[SugarBind_Ligand:17]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000054
term (main_entry) : Dermatan sulfate
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000054
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : By utilizing sophisticated separation methods followed by compositional analysis, domain mapping, and tandem mass spectrometry coupled with analysis by a modified genetic algorithm approach, the structural motif for the decorin dermatan sulfate chain was determined.[PMID:29111696]
publication : [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27526113 27526113 27526113]|29111696|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29891297 29891297 29891297]|26164146|30869126|7789716|8597249|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12512856 12512856 12512856]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31250530 31250530 31250530]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17928217 17928217 17928217]|12213784|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27226567 27226567 27226567]|31455633|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28091940 28091940 28091940]|19075609|31071403|15078125|18661328|20581662|17239765|15749837|2777747|20632047|8930750|7762784|31006321|26876822|1522290|131009|26986023|8161353|15315969|12543559|30637950|2525357|18156656|9692613|9200333|19661164|2299256|16075147|1126924|9774430|8537360|15563459|21077227|23275130|17137817|6447930|6209270
definition : Any of a group of glycosaminoglycans with repeating units consisting of variously sulfated β1→4-linked L-iduronyl-(α1→3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units.[CHEBI:18376]
term_xref : CHEBI:18376|CID:32756
synonyms : beta-Heparin|Chondroitin sulfate B|Dermatan L-iduronate
function : Wound healing[Essentials of Glycobiology:Chapter 7]|maintain the structure of the dermis.[Essentials of Glycobiology:Chapter 41]
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000055
term (main_entry) : Desialylated
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000055
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : Furthermore, we found no evidence for "desialylated" apoB100 glycans in any of the samples analyzed.[PMID:11588155]
publication : 30015642|26168491|29492899|31774586|32321401|23780974|7600681|18045697|1450583|4137057|28911304|27562992|29950245|31978220|2408573|8612720|10910970|27195066|1434544|22175031|24517196|29794068|30101537|18972200|1478792|4440781|21229239|30844664|31351722|31330845|1872910
definition : A glycan from which sialyl groups have been removed. [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/desialylated]
term_xref :
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000056
term (main_entry) : Desialylated tetrasaccharide
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000056
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : The structures of a desialylated tetrasaccharide , two monosialylated trisaccharides , and five other minor products were defined.[PMID:8384526]
publication : 8384526
definition : A tetrasachharide (four branches) glycan from which sialyl groups have been removed.
term_xref :
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 17
GSD000057
term (main_entry) : Difucosylated tetra-antennary N-glycans
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000057
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : While fucosylated N-glycans derived from serum haptoglobin of patients with CP slightly increased, di-fucosylated tetra-antennary N-glycans were observed only at this site in PC patients, and were absent in the haptoglobin of normal controls and individuals with CP.[PMID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18214858 18214858 18214858]]
publication : [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18214858 18214858 18214858]
definition : The tetra-antennary N-linked glycans that have four GlcNAc branches linked to the core and two fucose added.
term_xref :
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations : pancreatic cancer[PMID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18214858 18214858 18214858]]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000058
term (main_entry) : Dimeric Lewis x
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000058
glytoucan_accession : G79535HZ
term_in_sentence : The carbohydrate antigen dimeric Lewis X (DimLex), which accumulates in colonic and liver adenocarcinomas, is a valuable target to develop anti-cancer therapeutics.[PMID:32957489]
publication : 32957489|31276881|12062524|15488731|1979361|8737237|17939723|7683631|11384108|11133015|17388629|15483381|12662048|3233598|18618154|21892456
definition : A six-membered glucosamine oligosaccharide consisting of two repeating units of β-D-Gal-(1→4)-[α-L-Fuc-(1→3)]-β-D-GlcNAc joined by a (1→3)-linkage.[CHEBI:61325]
term_xref : GTC:G79535HZ|GlycoEpitope:EP0093|CID:50909845|CHEBI:61325|GlycoMotif:GGM.000031
synonyms : DimLex^x|dimeric Le(x)|Lex-Lex|diLe(x)|Lewisx-Lewisx
function : cancer-associated antigen[GlycoEpitope:EP0093]
disease_associations : colonic cancer[GlycoEpitope:EP0093]|liver cancer[GlycoEpitope:EP0093]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 14
GSD000059
term (main_entry) : Diphosphorylated Man6
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000059
glytoucan_accession : G54792LL
term_in_sentence : Here we report that the single-chain variable domain (scFv) M6P-1 is a unique antibody fragment with specificity for Man6P monosaccharide that, through an array-screening approach against a number of phosphorylated N-glycans, is shown to bind mono- and diphosphorylated Man6 and Man7 glycans that contain terminal αMan6P(1 → 2)αMan(1 → 3)αMan.[PMID:26503547]
publication : 26503547
definition :
term_xref : GTC:G54792LL|GlycoMotif:GGM.000054
synonyms : Diphosphorylated Man_6
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000060
term (main_entry) : Disialosyl globopentaosylceramide
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000060
glytoucan_accession : G97932OH
term_in_sentence : Disialosyl globopentaosylceramide (DSGb5) is often expressed by renal cell carcinomas.[PMID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31339142 31339142 31339142]]
publication : [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31339142 31339142 31339142]|24637536|25864532|27344728|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12084983 12084983 12084983] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12084983 12084983 12084983]]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32567311 32567311 32567311]|28205070|20663960|18214042
definition : Disialosyl globopentaosylceramide (DSGb5) is a ganglioside originally isolated from tissue extracts of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with metastasis.[PMID:28205070]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000082|GTC:G97932OH|GlycoEpitope:EP0098|CID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/91860287 91860287 91860287]|KEGG:G00181|SugarBind_Ligand:57
synonyms : DSGb5|Disialosyl Gb5|V3NeuAcIV6NeuAc-Gb5Cer|Disialosylgalactosylgloboside
function : promotes metastasis[PMID:28205070]
disease_associations : prostate cancer[PMID:24637536]|renal cell carcinoma/RCC[GlycoEpitope:EP0098]|Pyelonephritis[SugarBind_Ligand:57]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000061
term (main_entry) : Disialyl Gb5
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000061
glytoucan_accession : G97932OH
term_in_sentence : The major disialoganglioside antigen isolated from ACHN cells, showing specific reactivity with 5F3, was characterized unequivocally as disialosyl Gb5 (V(3)NeuAcIV(6)NeuAcGb5) by identification of the core structure as globopentaosylceramide (Gb5) after enzymatic and acid hydrolysis, and by 2-dimensional (1)H-NMR spectroscopy.[PMID: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12084983 12084983 12084983] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12084983 12084983 12084983]]]
publication : [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12084983 12084983 12084983] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12084983 12084983 12084983]]
definition :
term_xref : GlycoEpitope:EP0098|GTC:G97932OH|CID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/91860287 91860287 91860287]|SugarBind_Ligand:57|KEGG:G00181
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations : renal cell carcinoma/RCC[GlycoEpitope:EP0098]|Pyelonephritis[SugarBind_Ligand:57]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000062
term (main_entry) : Disialyl I
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000062
glytoucan_accession : G54937EM
term_in_sentence : Here we present an example of promotion of binding of soluble-form FN from placenta or from hepatoma cells, having a specific carbohydrate epitope termed "disialyl-I," to K562 or VA13 cell surface in the presence of glycosphingolipid Gg3, which interacts specifically with disialyl-I[PMID:10640401]
publication : 10640401
definition :
term_xref : GlycoEpitope:EP0095|GTC:G54937EM|CID:91849523
synonyms : disialyl-I
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000063
term (main_entry) : Disialyl Lewis a
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000063
glytoucan_accession : G93400AK
term_in_sentence : Biosynthesis of disialyl Lewis a (Lea) was analyzed using previously cloned ST6GalNAc V and ST6GalNAc VI, which were responsible for the synthesis of alpha-series gangliosides.[PMID:12668675]
publication : 12668675|17760270|15231659|12668106|30716533|32050430|22467657
definition : Disialyl Lewis is a sialyl Lewis a with an additional sialic acid attached at the C-6 position of penultimate GlcNAc. [PMID:15231659]
term_xref : GTC:G93400AK |GlycoEpitope:EP0040|CID:91854138|CHEBI:155549
synonyms : disialyl Lea
function : The 2-3,2-6 disialyl Lea determinant on epithelial cells may play a role in protecting normal epithelial cells.[GlycoEpitope:EP0040]
disease_associations : Mucin antigen carrying 2-3 sialylated Le a antigen or 2-3, 2-6 disialylated Lc4 antigen in cancer patients had the lowest carbohydrate/protein ratio. Thus, the carbohydrate/protein ratio in the type 1 chain mucin antigens in sera of normal subjects is higher than that in sera of cancer patients.[GlycoEpitope:EP0040]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000064
term (main_entry) : Disialyl T antigen
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000064
glytoucan_accession : G01614ZM
term_in_sentence : The most potent glycoside was disialyl T antigen (NeuAcalpha2-3Galbeta1-3[NeuAcalpha2-6]GalNAc-R), followed by 3-sialyl T antigen (NeuAcalpha2-3Galbeta1-3GalNAc-R), structures expressed on O-linked glycoproteins as well as on gangliosides.[PMID: 15701648]
publication : 29113555|17974963|33242079|12645620|15701648|26598643
definition : α-Neup5Ac-(2→6)-[α-Neup5Ac-(2→3)-β-D-Galp-(1→3)]-α-D-GalpNAc in which the anomeric configuration of the reducing-end N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue is α.[CHEBI:71602]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000014|GTC:G01614ZM|CID:70698317|CHEBI:71602|GlycoEpitope:EP0023|KEGG:G00027
synonyms : di-sialyl T antigen|disialyl-T antigen|disialylated T-antigen
function : associated with von Willebrand factor(VWF) plasma levels[GlycoEpitope:EP0023]
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000065
term (main_entry) : Disialylated biantennary
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000065
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : FAB-MS, electrospray-mass spectrometry, and linkage analysis demonstrated that each monomer of rat CRP contained one oligosaccharide chain , predominantly a disialylated biantennary structure , attached to Asn-128.[PMID:8486673]
publication : 22426998|17171781|25022802|24812685|24780636|26582205|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9499382 9499382 9499382]|22978794|22594947|8486673|20356825|1634621|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9244386 9244386 9244386]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12966096 12966096 12966096]|1472054|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24243045 24243045 24243045]|19579232|27943633
definition : A biantennary glycan with two GlcNAc branches linked to the core and the addition of two sialic acid residues.
term_xref :
synonyms : disialylated diantennary
function : appears in human transferrin[PMID: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24243045 24243045 24243045]]|Appears in human apolipoprotein (apo) B-100.[PMID:2344297]
disease_associations : galactosemia.[PMID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9499382 9499382 9499382]]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000066
term (main_entry) : Disialylated biantennary complex-type
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000066
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : The glycan was shown to be a disialylated biantennary complex type oligosaccharide N-linked to 318 Asn.[PMID:11738084]
publication : 11738084|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9499382 9499382 9499382]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9244386 9244386 9244386]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24243045 24243045 24243045]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12966096 12966096 12966096]|25124522|19371135
definition : A biantennary complex glycan with two GlcNAc branches linked to the core and the addition of two sialic acid residues.
term_xref :
synonyms :
function : appears in human transferrin[PMID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24243045 24243045 24243045]]|Appears in human apolipoprotein (apo) B-100.[PMID:2344297]
disease_associations : galactosemia.[PMID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9499382 9499382 9499382]]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000067
term (main_entry) : Disialylated fucosylated
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000067
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : Disialylated fucosylated and monosialylated non-fucosylated oligosaccharides were also identified.[PMID:17591618]
publication : 17591618
definition : A fucosylated glycan with two sialic acid components.
term_xref :
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 45
GSD000068
term (main_entry) : Forssman antigen
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000068
glytoucan_accession : G80062GG
term_in_sentence : Here we report the crystal structure of the complex between SLL-2 and Forssman antigen tetrasaccharide (GalNAcα1-3GalNAcβ1-3 Galα1-4 Galβ at 3.4 √Ö resolution.[PMID:28510705]
publication : 28510705|31933576|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28134301 28134301 28134301]|7021748|1802714|7512587|7747818|23325748|268649|31816281|22015168|4147161|2857159|6267170|7293775|13367419|20636540|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10460829 10460829 10460829] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10460829 10460829 10460829]]|23255552|2675268|18955372|7020692|31784953|4114942|31273262|6257673|7696847|1916901|11169215|48262|26022515|6175621|31404475|6983878|8381954|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10431785 10431785 10431785]|3257757|6792413|25039359
definition : A linear amino pentasaccharide comprising N-acetyl-α-D-galactosamine, N-acetyl-β-D-galactosamine, α-D-galactose, β-D-galactose and β-D-glucose residues linked sequentially (1→3), (1→3), (1→4) and (1→4).CHEBI:85789]
term_xref : GTC:G80062GG |GlycoEpitope:EP0037|CID[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/91825690 91825690 91825690]|CHEBI:85789
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 45
GSD000069
term (main_entry) : Forssman glycolipid
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000069
glytoucan_accession : G80062GG
term_in_sentence : Analysis of metabolically labeled glycolipids released into the apical and basal culture medium, either as shed membrane vesicles or in budding viruses, also demonstrated the presence of the Forssman glycolipid on both apical and basolateral membranes of polarized cells.[PMID:3040119]
publication : 3040119|268649|23240079|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28134301 28134301 28134301]|3495590|1138893|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10460829 10460829 10460829] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10460829 10460829 10460829]]|10506200|8855242|1955453|1933935|3355161|6773959|14573676|29898878|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10431785 10431785 10431785]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1747956 1747956 1747956]|11214737|7423202|389939|3871816|6187373|16133832|469271|3753492|2695680|7037611|25703376|23798992|414913|1868069|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7960243 7960243 7960243]
definition : A linear amino pentasaccharide comprising N-acetyl-α-D-galactosamine, N-acetyl-β-D-galactosamine, α-D-galactose, β-D-galactose and β-D-glucose residues linked sequentially (1→3), (1→3), (1→4) and (1→4).[CHEBI:85789]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000084|GTC:G80062GG|CID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/91825690 91825690 91825690]|KEGG:G00095|CHEBI:85789|GlycoEpitope:EP0037|SugarBind_Ligand:86
synonyms : Forssman antigen|Globopentosylceramide
function : an antigenic marker for a major subpopulation of macrophages from murine spleen and peripheral lymph nodes[PMID:3495590]
disease_associations : Pyelonephritis[SugarBind_Ligand:86]|Acute cystitis[SugarBind_Ligand:86]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 45
GSD000070
term (main_entry) : Fucose-containing tetraantennary
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000070
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : The two major N-linked oligosaccharides of Namalwa EPO were fucose-containing tetraantennary and fucose-containing triantennary structures.[PMID:2550193]
publication : 2550193
definition : A tetraantennary glycan with four GlcNAc branches linked to the core and the addition of fucose.
term_xref :
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forssman_antigen
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 14
GSD000071
term (main_entry) : Fucosyl GM1
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000071
glytoucan_accession : G91532KA
term_in_sentence : Unique localization of fucosyl GM1 implicates its possible role in cell adhesion and recognition in the nervous system.[PMID:8068725]
publication : 6619101|16880505|9089399|29789847|8068725|19556222|1660040|2420639|9076515|15926079|19555091|2541996|16211870|1336587|21174147|14967068|18923900|30021910|16941490|27070150|8305235|10602885|2645049|7993838|10537341|3002616|8336147|15447995|8905401|11714535|9260862|32228455|3315641|8076384|2317201|3680254|6403518
definition : A branched amino hexasaccharide consisting of the linear sequence α-L-Fuc-(1→2)-β-D-Gal-(1→3)-β-D-GalNAc-(1→4)-β-D-Gal-(1→4)-D-Glc having a Neu5Ac residue attached to the inner galactose via an α-(2→3) linkage.[CHEBI:62686]
term_xref : GTC:G91532KA |GlycoEpitope:EP0049|CID:53356699|CHEBI:62686
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations : small-cell lung cancer(SCLC)[GlycoEpitope:EP0049]|hepatoma[GlycoEpitope:EP0049]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000072
term (main_entry) : Fucosylated asialo-biantennary
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000072
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : We found that approximately 63% of the total N-linked oligosaccharides were of the complex type, with bisialo-biantennary (28%), asialo-biantennary (7%), fucosylated bisialo-biantennary (25%), and fucosylated asialo-biantennary (3%) oligosaccharides representing the major complex-type carbohydrate species.[PMID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2065054 2065054 2065054]]
publication : [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2065054 2065054 2065054]|17013932
definition : Describing a biantennary oligosaccharide that has no sialic acid component but has fucose.
term_xref :
synonyms : fucosylated asialo-diantennary
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000073
term (main_entry) : Fucosylated biantennary
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000073
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : The profiles of the PSA N-glycans from the free and complexed molecules were quite similar to each other and consisted of fucosylated biantennary oligosaccharides as the major class.[PMID:17956937]
publication : 17956937|30525457|1933856
definition : a biantennary glycan with two GlcNAc branches linked to the core and the addition of fucose.
term_xref :
synonyms : fucosylated bisialo-diantennary
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000074
term (main_entry) : Fucosylated bisialo-biantennary
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000074
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : We found that approximately 63% of the total N-linked oligosaccharides were of the complex type, with bisialo-biantennary (28%), asialo-biantennary (7%), fucosylated bisialo-biantennary (25%), and fucosylated asialo-biantennary (3%) oligosaccharides representing the major complex-type carbohydrate species.[PMID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2065054 2065054 2065054]]
publication : [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2065054 2065054 2065054]
definition : Describing a biantennary oligosaccharide that has two sialic acid component and fucose added.
term_xref :
synonyms : Fucosylated biantennary
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000075
term (main_entry) : Fucosylated LDN
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000075
glytoucan_accession : G02240AO
term_in_sentence : To date, oligomeric LDN and oligomeric fucosylated LDN (LDNF) have been found only on N-glycans from mammalian cells engineered to express Caenorhabditis elegansbeta4-GalNAc transferase and human alpha3-fucosyltransferase IX [Z. S. Kawar et al. (2005) J Biol Chem280, 12810-12819]. [PMID:16403022]
publication : 16403022|28151933|19545571|22448293
definition : An amino trisaccharide comprising an acetamido-β-D-galactose and an α-L-fucose attached to an acetamidoglucose by 1→4 and 1→3 linkages, respectively.[CHEBI:61864]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000017|GTC:G02240AO|GlycoEpitope:EP0151|CID:52921591|CHEBI:61864|MeSH:C488538|KEGG:G01594
synonyms : LDNF|Fucosylated lacdiNAc|LDN-F|(GalNAc)1 (GlcNAc)1 (LFuc)1
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000076
term (main_entry) : Fucosylated N-glycans
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000076
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : Haptoglobin , an acute phase protein , has four potential N-glycosylation sites , although it remains unknown which site is responsible for the change in fucosylated N-glycans.[PMID:[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18214858 18214858 18214858]]
publication : [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18214858 18214858 18214858]|31141660|26869352|29790113|31931062
definition : The fucose from GDP-fucose is transferred to N-linked glycans.
term_xref :
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations : pancreatic cancer.[PMID: 26869352]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000077
term (main_entry) : Fucosylated triantennary
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000077
glytoucan_accession :
term_in_sentence : Asn184 is only partially glycosylated and substituted by fucosylated triantennary and small amounts of diantennary N-acetyllactosaminic glycans.[PMID:2513186]
publication : 2513186|29642865|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7679920 7679920 7679920]|31110965|2551687|15051952|12943224
definition : A triantennary glycan with three GlcNAc branches linked to the core and the addition of fucose.
term_xref :
synonyms :
function : appears in human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).[PMID: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7679920 7679920 7679920]]
disease_associations : neoplastic diseases of the liver[PMID: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7679920 7679920 7679920] ]|hepatocellular carcinoma[PMID: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7679920 7679920 7679920]].
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 43
GSD000078
term (main_entry) : Galabiosylceramide
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000078
glytoucan_accession : G67988RO
term_in_sentence : LacCer and its structural isomer, galabiosylceramide (Gb2, Galβ(1,4)Galβ-ceramide), are classified as ceramide dihexosides (CDH).[PMID:33360824]
publication : 33360824|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29099167 29099167 29099167]|25582508|2824515|4027258|32854306|32868283|31319156|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29530250 29530250 29530250]|27367163|2564247|27727434|10216186|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10460829 10460829 10460829] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10460829 10460829 10460829]]|24992926|23590301|15702404|1854798|14761135|3600200|8603914|8601603|1965141|17400502|3840690|15959771|7930586|7721812|17095952|2500499|3815386|8842706|10746023|3928791|3782065|6440894
definition : A disaccharide consisting of β-D-galactopyranose having a D-galactopyranosyl residue attached at the 4-position via an α-linkage.[CHEBI:59314]
term_xref : GlycoEpitope:EP0113|GTC:G67988RO|CID:5288350|KEGG:G00497|KEGG:G10645|CHEBI:59314
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations : tumor/lung[GlycoEpitope:EP0113]|tumor/gallbladder[GlycoEpitope:EP0113]|tumor/kidney[GlycoEpitope:EP0113]|tumor/pancreas[GlycoEpitope:EP0113]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000079
term (main_entry) : Galactosylceramide
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000079
glytoucan_accession : G65889KE
term_in_sentence : Galactosylceramide improved behavioral, neuropathological, and biochemical parameters in Cln3 Cln3 Δex7/8 mice, paving the way for effective therapy for CLN3 disease and use of serum ceramide as a potential biomarker to track impact of therapies.[PMID:31393621]
publication : 31393621|19941861|9883654|33006978|26735924|22032265|18035062|25129050|2802541|1761517|28660574|475780|2302222
definition :
term_xref : GTC:G65889KE|GlycoEpitope:EP0074|SugarBind_Ligand:1|GlycoMotif:GGM.000061
synonyms : GalCer|Galactocerebroside|LC
function :
disease_associations : Pleuropneumonia[SugarBind_Ligand:1]|Porcine fibrinohemorrhagic necrotizing pleuropneumonia[SugarBind_Ligand:1]|Lyme disease[SugarBind_Ligand:1]|Plague[SugarBind_Ligand:1]|Acquired immune deficiency syndrome[SugarBind_Ligand:1]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000080
term (main_entry) : Galnac disialyl Lc4 (Hexasaccharide)
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000080
glytoucan_accession : G33532XU
term_in_sentence : Therefore, a new marker for prostate cancer is urgently required. We examined expression of a novel carbohydrate antigen, beta1,4-GalNAc-disialyl-Lc(4), defined by the monoclonal antibody RM2, in prostate cancer using 75 cases of radical prostatectomy specimens.[PMID: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12084983 12084983 12084983] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12084983 12084983 12084983]]]
publication : 15704108|11278988|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12084983 12084983 12084983] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12084983 12084983 12084983]]|7509790
definition : (2R,4S,5R,6R)-5-Acetamido-2-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-5-acetamido-4-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-4-[(2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-6-[(3R,4S,5S,6R)-2,3,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-4-hydroxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]oxane-2-carboxylic acid is a member of neuraminic acids.[CID:91857945]
term_xref : GlycoEpitope:EP0097|GTC:G33532XU|CID:91857945|CHEBI:149360
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations : prostate cancer[GlycoEpitope:EP0097]|renal cell carcinoma/RCC[GlycoEpitope:EP0097]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000081
term (main_entry) : Gb5
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000081
glytoucan_accession : G99053DY
term_in_sentence : LnbB, a member of the glycoside hydrolase family 20 isolated from Bifidobacterium bifidum, was shown to release GNB from Gb5 and GA1 oligosaccharides.[PMID:25839135]
publication : 12401210|25839135|31540393|31140679|3028540|3674263|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31339142 31339142 31339142]|30026902|10721708|30671362|26176557|25039255|24044869|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32567311 32567311 32567311]|27857717|21491978|24910250|29077212|8014006|27107335|32679486|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1747956 1747956 1747956]|8679447|28352526|11341836|10837462|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7960243 7960243 7960243]|16158941|3297853|2431136|21734356|8625206|30732055|12716912|20128040|2582447|14659673
definition : A linear amino pentasaccharide comprising D-glucose at the reducing end with a β-D-galactosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl-(1→3)-α-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactosyl moiety at the 4-position.[CHEBI:141842]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000076|GTC:G99053DY|CID:53239691|KEGG:G00097|CHEBI:62311|SugarBind_Ligand:12
synonyms : Globopentaosylceramide
function :
disease_associations : Pyelonephritis[SugarBind_Ligand:12]|Actinomycosis[SugarBind_Ligand:12|Influenza[SugarBind_Ligand:12]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 11
GSD000082
term (main_entry) : GD1
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000082
glytoucan_accession : G81983KG
term_in_sentence : Hormonal and metabolic disturbances observed in both adult and paediatric patients with Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1) are discussed in this review. The PubMed database was used to identify articles on endocrine and metabolic disorders in GD1.[PMID:31791361]
publication : 5652802|25345088|31791361|29361370|31234327|30264864|25250137|7528216|31669751|20684311|16306603|10420586|7766692|31614613|26384672|31613991|19210136|8926633|29696051|32300455|7513313|26674302|20336376|24259734|31704237|21067946|30516933|27979707|26345314|30516941|31849452|27789132|30218706|29388611|20177787
definition :
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000105|GTC:G81983KG|CID:91859783|KEGG:G00126
synonyms : GD1c
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000083
term (main_entry) : GD1a
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000083
glytoucan_accession : G46677TE | G45714BQ
term_in_sentence : Exclusive exposure of rat oligodendrocytes to GD1a, but not other gangliosides, overcomes aggregated fibronectin-induced inhibition of myelin membrane formation, in vitro, and OPC differentiation in fibronectin aggregate containing cuprizone-induced demyelinated lesions in male mice. [PMID: 28899916]
publication : 28899916|26860251|21930390|32906699|26054879|29951721|11745410|17653976|26119566|21554929|18435913|15342262|26865725|21151139|15716397|21492147|16942752|26973195|24449473|14999485|22735313|20589721|10521808|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22929125 22929125 22929125]|7827024|16897174|25062498|17227759
definition : A branched amino hexasaccharide consisting of the linear sequence α-Neu5Ac-(2→3)-β-D-Gal-(1→3)-β-D-GalNAc-(1→4)-β-D-Gal-(1→4)-β-D-Glc having a Neu5Ac residue attached to a galactose via an α-(2→3) linkage. The oligosaccharide of ganglioside GD1a.[CHEBI:59209]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000106|GlycoMotif:GGM.000107|GTC:G46677TE|GTC:G45714BQ|CID:45266861|CHEBI:59209|GlycoEpitope:EP0056|SugarBind_Ligand:22|KEGG:G00111
synonyms : GD1alpha
function :
disease_associations : Gastroenteritis[SugarBind_Ligand:22]|Actinomycosis[SugarBind_Ligand:22]|Lazy leukocyte syndrome[SugarBind_Ligand:22]|Toxoplasmosis[SugarBind_Ligand:22]|Lyme disease[SugarBind_Ligand:22]|Botulism[SugarBind_Ligand:22]|Keratoconjunctivitis[SugarBind_Ligand:22]|Influenza[SugarBind_Ligand:22]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000084
term (main_entry) : GD1b
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000084
glytoucan_accession : G37184KW
term_in_sentence : Gangliosides have been known to play a role in the regulation of apoptosis in cancer cells. This study has employed disialyl-ganglioside GD1b to apoptosis in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells using exogenous treatment of the cells with GD1b and endogenous expression of GD1b in MCF-7 cells.[PMID: 27144558]
publication : 27144558|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24859332 24859332 24859332]|18625966|7945223|32518172|26710925|31837178|20594196|30985655|11511306|1742806|11123278|7685064|2709011|33279873|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22929125 22929125 22929125]|9179156|17964572|8821498|32726962|26560950|2611779|10072058|20030259|16415013|10797556|11342695|8619520|21519903|16199892|23777091|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30246056 30246056 30246056]|10481046
definition : A branched amino hexasaccharide comprising a β-D-galactosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucose disaccharide, the galactosyl residue of which carries β-D-galactosyl-(1→3)-N-acetyl-β-D-galactosaminyl and N-acetyl-α-neuraminyl-(2→8)-N-acetyl-α-neuraminyl disaccharide units through (2→4) and (2→3) linkages respectively. It is the carbohydrate portion of ganglioside GD1b.[CHEBI:59222]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000108|GTC:G37184KW|CID:45266846|CHEBI:59222|GlycoEpitope:EP0059|SugarBind_Ligand:14
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 47
GSD000085
term (main_entry) : GD2
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000085
glytoucan_accession : G02657AK
term_in_sentence : Ganglioside GD2 is a tumor-associated surface antigen found in a broad spectrum of human cancers and stem cells. [PMID: 25440605]
publication : 28154831|32002293|32733795|28145567|31500597|31903906|29180536|28415563|25440605|30617136|25604432|30198960|31075227|31721713|30955398|32195035|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27304202 27304202 27304202]|31015228|31653037|31016728|30670592|30613134|29221154|30027525|29442009|31762628|30485077|25642322|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29436609 29436609 29436609]|29151270|24773917|30612272|27654028|26298772
definition : A branched amino pentasaccharide consisting of a linear sequence of two α-sialyl residues, a β-D-galactosyl residue and an N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine residue linked respectively (2→8), (2→8) and (1→4), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1→4) an N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl residue. It is the carbohydrate portion of ganglioside GD2.[CHEBI:59218]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000094|GTC:G02657AK|CID:45266844|CHEBI:59218|GlycoEpitope:EP0061|SugarBind_Ligand:88
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations : breast cancer[PMID:28415563]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 11|Chatper 35
GSD000086
term (main_entry) : GD3
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000086
glytoucan_accession : G98544DH
term_in_sentence : In mammalian cells, the intracellular accumulation of ganglioside GD3, an acidic glycosphingolipid, contributes to mitochondrial damage, a crucial event during the apoptopic program. [PMID: 12531552]
publication : 30245960|27591028|12531552|29069780|12470841|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29436609 29436609 29436609]|28295752|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27304202 27304202 27304202]|31138648|27288875|30446565|8721669|3903474|16081368|32743804|24372645|26792897|20890432|25330147|20581115|11174200|16040804|23783008|17368571|11023989|12901230|21807667|7061953|2231782|19423750|22632091|18202973|6392333|15896784|8261439|20052288|12847141|12486096|12118012|19912988|22795094|18655184|17043769|21395555|2472199|19776077
definition : A linear amino tetrasaccharide consisting of two sialyl, one galactose and one glucose residue (at the reducing end) connected by sequential α-(2→8)-, α-(2→3)- and β-(1→4)-linkages. The oligosaccharide of ganglioside GD3.[CHEBI:59210]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000091|GTC:G98544DH|CID:45266862|CHEBI:59210|GlycoEpitope:EP0062|SugarBind_Ligand:89|MeSH:C509062
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations : Cholera[SugarBind_Ligand:89]|Influenza[SugarBind_Ligand:89]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 11
GSD000087
term (main_entry) : Globoside
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000087
glytoucan_accession : G00061MO
term_in_sentence : Results of TLC immunostaining of neutral glycolipids from the cDNA-transfected cells also supported the identity of the newly synthesized component as globoside. [PMID:10993897]
publication : 10993897
definition :
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000070|GTC:G00061MO
synonyms : Cytolipin K|Gb4|Globoside I|Globotetraosylceramide|P antigen
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 47
GSD000088
term (main_entry) : Globotetraosylceramide
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000088
glytoucan_accession : G00061MO
term_in_sentence : Here we report that PUGNAc treatment provokes globotetraosylceramide (Gb4Cer) accumulation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).[PMID:28392398]
publication : 28392398|25787850|23471986|2559078|32455599|2663859|32796033|3517161|20082214|30853699|15279935|26104834|20732996|30224239|31142708|30338271|25033755|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30413389 30413389 30413389]|7104376|29866658|24983355|6794884|31361021|21740983|33168837|31752441|28123520|29068380|24841197|27932383|28535204|31691795|27916888|27558838|10227680|26464281|22348006|22279060|25156739|32314902|22718629|23701631|23906628|8613382|23555772|20059899|7868240
definition : An amino tetrasaccharide consisting of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-galactopyranosyl, α-D-galactopyranosyl, β-D-galactopyranosyl, and β-D-glucopyranose units joined together in sequence by (1→3), (1→4), and (1→4) glycosidic linkages, respectively.[CHEBI:145578]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000070|GlycoEpitope:EP0073|CID:5288889|CHEBI:145578|SugarBind_Ligand:18|MeSH:C024032
synonyms : Gb4Cer|Gb4|Globoside|P antigen|Cytolipin K
function :
disease_associations : Actinomycosis[SugarBind_Ligand:18]|Pyelonephritis[SugarBind_Ligand:18]|Acute cystitis[SugarBind_Ligand:18]|Shigellosis[SugarBind_Ligand:18]|Lazy leukocyte syndrome[SugarBind_Ligand:18]|Influenza[SugarBind_Ligand:18]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 11
GSD000089
term (main_entry) : Globotriaosylceramide
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000089
glytoucan_accession : G00059MO
term_in_sentence : Defects in the gene encoding α-galactosidase A lead to accumulation of globotriaosylceramide (GL3) in various cell types.[PMID:32127409]
publication : 32127409|28674962|30875019|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30413389 30413389 30413389]|31778662|31101366|24335674|31241709|24158513|28947349|31566927|28672034|31939530|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29530250 29530250 29530250]|27851774|26426881|25031264|29982630|24496231|29983334|28756410|27190352|29274327|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29099167 29099167 29099167]|28402705|23680766|28625968|26960552|26797827|22742555|27756537|31630715|3827883|28384397|29523338|31010832|27195818|26661087|23093409|30879639|27081853|17409683|29921669|25575293|26291612|23146289|25857295|26070511
definition : Globotriaosylceramide is a type of globoside(glycosphingolipid) which is formed by alpha linkage of galactose to lactosylceramide. The reaction is catalyzed by enzyme A4GALT.[Wiki:Globotriaosylceramide]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000068|GTC:G00059MO|GlycoEpitope:EP0071|CID:5279515|CHEBI:68485|MeSH:C018549|SugarBind_Ligand:27
synonyms : Gb3|GL3|Pk antigen|P^K antigen|Gb(3)|Gb_3|CD77|globotriaosylceramide|ceramide trihexoside|CTH|Trihexosylceramide
function :
disease_associations : Pyelonephritis[SugarBind_Ligand:27]|Acute cystitis[SugarBind_Ligand:27]|Shigellosis[SugarBind_Ligand:27]|Lyme disease[SugarBind_Ligand:27]|Cutaneous lesions[SugarBind_Ligand:27]|Diarrhea[SugarBind_Ligand:27]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000090
term (main_entry) : Glucosylceramide
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000090
glytoucan_accession : G71142DF
term_in_sentence : Glucosylceramide (GlcCer), the initial GSL synthesized from ceramide by GCS (GlcCer synthase), is required for embryonic survival, but its role in the lung is unknown.[PMID:31265321]
publication : 31265321|29290548|29627573|20919653|28427052|30550553|24415933|31914593|31051284|23073611|30146946|31619618|26840726|29750412|8065509|27412675|27840079|30611744|31353719|25661072|28686011|25803043|28865794|28154347|31466334|30242129|12531551|30639288|30864417|27711049|22764777|27905603|29077010|28744000|23555901|24115322|12803919|29204666|23628459|28851512|26136173|23563543|30110701|26572681|2193825|29926415|31727994|27479571
definition : Cerebrosides which contain as their polar head group a glucose moiety bound in glycosidic linkage to the hydroxyl group of ceramides. Their accumulation in tissue, due to a defect in beta-glucosidase, is the cause of Gaucher's disease.[MeSH:D005963]
term_xref : MeSH:D005963|GlycoMotif:GGM.000060|CHEBI:83264|GTC:G71142DF
synonyms : GlcCer|Glucocerebroside|Ceramide monohexoside|CMH
function : The structural characterization of mixed membranes made of cationic lipids and glucosylceramides may be important for developing novel immunotherapeutic tools such as vaccine adjuvants.[PMID:30611744]|Glucosylceramide (GlcCer), the initial GSL synthesized from ceramide by GCS (GlcCer synthase), is required for embryonic survival, but its role in the lung is unknown.[PMID:31265321]
disease_associations : Gaucher's Disease|Pharyngitis[SugarBind_Ligand:3]|Tracheobronchitis[SugarBind_Ligand:3]|Pleuropneumonia[SugarBind_Ligand:3]|Porcine fibrinohemorrhagic necrotizing pleuropneumonia[SugarBind_Ligand:3]|Diarrhea[SugarBind_Ligand:3]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 31
GSD000091
term (main_entry) : GM1
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000091
glytoucan_accession : G48558GR
term_in_sentence : GM1-induced fluidization of the phospholipid membranes and probable physical contact between bulky sugar head group of GM1 and spectrin, may explain the modulatory role of GM1 on aminophospholipid interactions with nonerythroid brain spectrin.[PMID: 29920238]
publication : 18524657|31761138|36180805|29920238|33859490|31937438|25762012|25931034|31776384|32013258|30776097|31048748|31447771|30292198|28796418|27806275|21076871|27552916|17986147|26960162|27815022|25851126|32916822|11462671|28236574|15911874|28577204|28497346|1794005|31934908|30267299|16902585|29439846|32325905|29747823|27576485|26338710|27858734|24501414|26818965|26629687|26958633|1854596|32134593|32198666|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6619101 6619101 6619101]
definition : A branched amino pentasaccharide consisting of the linear sequence β-D-Gal-(1→3)-β-D-GalNAc-(1→4)-β-D-Gal-(1→4)-β-D-Glc having a Neu5Ac residue attached to the inner galactose via an α-(2→3) linkage. The oligosaccharide of ganglioside GM1a.[CHEBI:59208]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000098|GTC:G48558GR|CID:196569|CHEBI:59208|GlycoEpitope:EP0050|SugarBind_Ligand:13|KEGG:G00110
synonyms : GM1 ganglioside|GM1-ganglioside
function : The branched pentasaccharide chain of ganglioside GM1 is a prominent cell surface ligand, for example, for cholera toxin or tumor growth-regulatory homodimeric galectins.[PMID:16267866]
disease_associations : GM1 gangliosidosis (GM1) [PMID: 33859490]|Gastroenteritis[SugarBind_Ligand:13]|Actinomycosis[SugarBind_Ligand:13]|Lazy leukocyte syndrome[SugarBind_Ligand:13]|Toxoplasmosis[SugarBind_Ligand:13]|Cholera[SugarBind_Ligand:13]|Botulism[SugarBind_Ligand:13]
wikipedia : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GM1
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 11| Chapter 14
GSD000092
term (main_entry) : GM2
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000092
glytoucan_accession : G79389NT
term_in_sentence : GM1 gangliosidosis has both central nervous system and systemic findings; while, GM2 gangliosidosis is restricted primarily to the central nervous system.[PMID: 27491214]
publication : 29618308|27491214|32867370|30030044|27499644|31097363|29100724|27402091|31852956|30389374|30988135|8786814|14533808|23370522|28192816|32692591|29106755|28833537|11339652|9728335|27270764|9714704|26175473|27018595|28615102|28974375|32951593|11462672|28955902|17192692|26538065|25421609|9572057|11596983|15264019|23236285|11596984|31261761|30113798|24391178|24309906|22224667|7980537|18272501|9006924|
definition : A branched amino tetrasaccharide consisting of the linear sequence β-D-GalNAc-(1→4)-β-D-Gal-(1→4)-β-D-Glc having a Neu5Ac residue attached to the galactose via an α-(2→3) linkage. Corresponds to the carbohydrate portion of ganglioside GM2.[CHEBI:59220]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000095|GTC:G79389NT|CID:45266845|CHEBI:59220|GlycoEpitope:EP0051|SugarBind_Ligand:39|KEGG:G00109|KEGG:G10351
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations : lung adenocarcinoma[GlycoEpitope:EP0051]|embryonal carcinoma[GlycoEpitope:EP0051]|germ cell tumor[GlycoEpitope:EP0051]|teratocarcinoma[GlycoEpitope:EP0051]|squamous cell carcinoma[GlycoEpitope:EP0051]|Gastroenteritis[SugarBind_Ligand:39]|Cholera[SugarBind_Ligand:39]|Clostridial myonecrosis[SugarBind_Ligand:39]|Tetanus[SugarBind_Ligand:39]
wikipedia : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GM1_gangliosidoses
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 11
GSD000093
term (main_entry) : GM3
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000093
glytoucan_accession : G91237TK
term_in_sentence : We also demonstrated an essential role of GM3 in murine and human auditory systems; a common pathological feature of GM3S deficiency is deafness. [PMID: 29747813]
publication : 29376491|29747813|25613425|30318083|31526872|31004109|28019668|26434718|27313500|27539856|30111401|28544772|29407985|19364317|30190430|31297734|30091781|26043887|32183071|30665141|27873002|25801320|30209782|32378734|23050851|22768242|14993837|24934090|17638075|21518140|26102277|19759399|24502144|25303960|23564406|16636105|16491123|11259118|15102521|12724312|24985965|8496625|25403557|15690123|15939439|25893133|23591593|20634908|2004380|739008|
definition : Ganglioside GM3 (d18:1/16:0) is a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide)or oligoglycosylceramide with one or more sialic acids (i.e. n-acetylneuraminic acid) linked on the sugar chain. It is a component the cell plasma membrane which modulates cell signal transduction events. Gangliosides have been found to be highly important in immunology. Ganglioside GM3 carries a net-negative charge at pH 7.0 and is acidic. Gangliosides can amount to 6% of the weight of lipids from brain, but they are found at low levels in all animal tissuesGangliosides are glycosphingolipids. There are four types of glycosphingolipids, the cerebrosides, sulfatides, globosides and gangliosides. Gangliosides are very similar to globosides except that they also contain N-acetyl neuraminic acid (NANA) in varying amounts. The specific names for the gangliosides provide information about their structure. The letter G refers to ganglioside, and the subscripts M, D, T and Q indicate that the molecule contains mono-, di-, tri and quatra-sialic acid. The numbered subscripts 1, 2 and 3 refer to the carbohydrate sequence that is attached to the ceramide. In particular, 1 stands for GalGalNAcGalGlc-ceramide, 2 stands for GalNAcGalGlc-ceramide and 3 stands for GalGlc-ceramide. Deficiencies in lysosomal enzymes that degrade the carbohydrate portions of various gangliosides are responsible for a number of lysosomal storage diseases such as Tay-Sachs disease, Sandhoff disease, and GM1 gangliosidosis. The carbohydrate portion of the ganglioside GM1 is the site of attachment of cholera toxin, the protein secreted by Vibrio cholerae.[HMDB0004844]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000090|GTC:G91237TK|CID:5288424|CHEBI:59226|GlycoEpitope:EP0053|SugarBind_Ligand:35
synonyms :
function : Membrane stabilizer|Energy source|Energy storage|Molecular messenger:|Signaling molecule[HMDB0004844]
disease_associations : Gastroenteritis[SugarBind_Ligand:35]|Chronic gastritis[SugarBind_Ligand:35]|Toxoplasmosis[SugarBind_Ligand:35]|Peptic ulcerSugarBind_Ligand:35]|Gastric cancer[SugarBind_Ligand:35]|Influenza[SugarBind_Ligand:35]|Diarrhea[SugarBind_Ligand:35]|Botulism[SugarBind_Ligand:35]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 37
GSD000094
term (main_entry) : GM4
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000094
glytoucan_accession : G30207PZ
term_in_sentence : GM4 is synthesized by the sialylation of galactosylceramide (GalCer), while the ganglioside GM3 is synthesized by the sialylation of lactosylceramide (LacCer).[PMID:23999868]
publication : 23999868|2332419|12091485|19542236|8407875|23320941|28808804|3621237|23203271|7057115|26362868|6170387|18034482|7076644|2391348|25464080|3701369|11217952|6201236|30744426|9388026|27177620|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30246056 30246056 30246056]|15979459|7586078|6779816|29402905|7335153|3306476|17499534|7074082|9668345|3701884|26862430|6831238|27311552|26831445|24417799|7097284|4169231|16854400|26483798
definition : An amino disaccharide consisting of β-D-galactose having an α-N-acetylneuraminyl residue attached at the 3-position [CHEBI:63155]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000089|GTC:G30207PZ|CID:5289366|CHEBI:63155|KEGG:G00317|SugarBind_Ligand:110
synonyms : Sialylated GalCer
function :
disease_associations : Chronic gastritis[SugarBind_Ligand:110]|Peptic ulcers[SugarBind_Ligand:110]|Gastric cancer[SugarBind_Ligand:110]
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 11|Chapter 15|Chapter 44|Appendix 45A
GSD000095
term (main_entry) : GP1c
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000095
glytoucan_accession : G93805MV
term_in_sentence : n this report, we describe an efficient convergent synthesis of the GP1c glycolipid epitope, which is one of the most complex c-series gangliosides. [PMID:19053458]
publication : 1606358|19053458|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1695858 1695858 1695858]|4091974|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10775425 10775425 10775425]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2468656 2468656 2468656]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2299350 2299350 2299350]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3064875 3064875 3064875]|11432974|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9613831 9613831 9613831]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11831845 11831845 11831845]|1879553|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10699494 10699494 10699494]|8969459|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8474578 8474578 8474578]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12031286 12031286 12031286]|1304332|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9153001 9153001 9153001]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10564776 10564776 10564776]
definition :
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000118|GTC:G93805MV
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 11|Chapter 14|Chapter 27|Chapter 35|Chapter 45 |Chapter 47|Chapter 49
GSD000096
term (main_entry) : GQ1b
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000096
glytoucan_accession : G18625KA
term_in_sentence : Bilateral infusion of GQ1b into the hippocampus ameliorates cognitive deficits in the triple-transgenic AD mouse model (3xTg-AD).[PMID:31186474]
publication : 30798387|31186474|26704905|23677659|26984947|24184316|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23804237 23804237 23804237]|9819299|18514410|22189683|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24859332 24859332 24859332]
definition : An amino oligosaccharide that is a branched octasaccharide derivative consisting of four sialyl residues, two galactose residues, one N-acetylglucosamine and a glucose residue at the reducing end.[CHEBI:59212]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000115|GTC:G18625KA|GlycoEpitope:EP0069|CID:45266843|KEGG:G00117|CHEBI:59212
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 11
GSD000097
term (main_entry) : GQ1ba
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000097
glytoucan_accession : G54733XO
term_in_sentence : A few studies have reported the association of autoantibodies to GM1 or GQ1bα with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or vascular dementia.[PMID:25024341]
publication : 25024341|23717411|17870542|10702226|21137678|26748510|8662799|21274438|24649890|16580208|28124591|20095613|17507233|23565921|14505645|20930939|9201997
definition :
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000116|GTC:G54733XO
synonyms : GQ1balpha
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000098
term (main_entry) : GQ1c
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000098
glytoucan_accession : G99524KA
term_in_sentence : The neural specific monoclonal antibody A2B5 was found to interact with GQ1c but not with Gq1b, nor did it interact with other glycolipids such as GM1, GD1a, GD1b, GT1a, GT1b and GA1.[PMID: 6640289]
publication : 6640289|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1695858 1695858 1695858]|7798936|1729139|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2468656 2468656 2468656]|20368669|2723647|1814411|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3064875 3064875 3064875]|6085330|1613492|17883393|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11831845 11831845 11831845]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10775425 10775425 10775425]|8219015|8804704|1384262|7066685|2299192|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9613831 9613831 9613831]|10350354|1304337|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9153001 9153001 9153001]|11959025|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8474578 8474578 8474578]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2299350 2299350 2299350]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10564776 10564776 10564776]|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10699494 10699494 10699494]|3942818|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12031286 12031286 12031286]|7361620
definition : Alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->8)-alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->8)-alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Galp-(1->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc-(1->4)]-beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-Glcp is a member of neuraminic acids and an amino octasaccharide.[CID:91860352]
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000117|GTC:G99524KA|CID:91860352|CHEBI:145645|KEGG:G00121
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology : Chapter 46
GSD000099
term (main_entry) : GT1a
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000099
glytoucan_accession : G68110IF
term_in_sentence : GT1a mimicry was found in the lipo-oligosaccharides of strain ICDCCJ07002 and ICDCCJ07004; but a combination of GM3/GD3 mimics was observed in ICDCCJ07001, although this patient had anti-GT1a IgG antibodies.[PMID:26197476]
publication : 12023422|32623212|26197476|9585812|29747820|[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23804237 23804237 23804237]|11993188|31683059|19631994|9742882|29709941|8971119|8706663|893404|31829433|8910600|30600291|29319803|26176883|29063860|6766128|31602715|29808463|30711390|29847988|30116054|28187751
definition : A branched heptasaccharide derivative consisting of three sialyl residues, two galactose residues, one N-acetylglucosamine and a glucose residue at the reducing end.[CHEBI:59215]
term_xref : CID:45266863|GlycoMotif:GGM.000110|GTC:G68110IF|GlycoEpitope:EP0066|KEGG:G00112|CHEBI:59215
synonyms :
function :
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :
GSD000100
term (main_entry) : GT1a alpha
glycan_dictionary_accession : GSD000100
glytoucan_accession : G02149VR
term_in_sentence : A new class of gangliosides, GT1a alpha and GQ1b alpha, were initially identified as cholinergic neuron-specific antigens in bovine brain. [PMID:8082783]
publication : 7710562|8082783|10972137|9468624|9143254|8221098|9679279|11368158|11878808
definition :
term_xref : GlycoMotif:GGM.000111|GTC:G02149VR|GlycoEpitope:EP0111|CID:91851751|CHEBI:156678|KEGG:G00128
synonyms : GT1aa
function : GT1a alpha was a cholinerginic-specific antigen.[GlycoEpitope:EP0111]
disease_associations :
wikipedia :
essentials_of_glycobiology :